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P-IE

Student Competition Poster

Category: Student Competition Poster

Undergrad Poster: P-IE, Ecology

Incidence of herbicide damage predisposing Linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) trees to attack by ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in an ornamental nursery

Presenting Author(s)

Carolyn Anderson

Akron, OH, USA

Co-Author(s)

Chris M. Ranger

Research Entomologist
USDA-ARS
Wooster, Ohio, United States
MR

Mike E. Reding

Research Entomologist
USDA
Wooster, Ohio, United States
JB

Jenny Barnett

USDA
Wooster, Ohio, United States

Ambrosia Beetles attack horticultural trees that are weakened by abiotic and biotic factors. Understanding factors that predispose trees to attack is critical for implementing management plans. Following a grower report about herbicide damage and ambrosia beetle attacks, a site visit was conducted to an ornamental nursery in Lake Co., Ohio. The study’s objective was to: (1) characterize the species of trees that were herbicide damaged, (2) quantify ambrosia beetle attacks per tree, and (3) identify the species of ambrosia beetles and their colonization success. Application of a plant growth regulator (clopyralid) occurred in Fall 2019. In Spring 2020, deciduous trees in six genera exhibited deformed leaves as a sign of herbicide damage. Extensive ambrosia beetle attacks were observed on herbicide damaged linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) trees, which were growing among apparently healthy tree species. The objective of this study was to identify the extent of ambrosia beetle attacks on herbicide-damaged linden trees. The attacked linden trees were cut at the base and returned to the lab for further examination. Each attack per stem was numerically labeled, and the contents of the galleries were dissected to identify and quantify eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults, and the presence of fungal gardens. The ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus germanus is anticipated to be the predominant species. This study supports the hypothesis that herbicide damage predisposed the linden trees to attack by ambrosia beetles. While researchers have intentionally used herbicide to induce attacks, this association in ornamental nurseries is poorly understood and warrants further study.