Evaluation of alternatives to foliar pyrethroid and neonicotinoid applications for aphid management in lettuce

Pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides are typically used to manage aphids in California's Central Coast. Unfortunately, these pesticides can move off-site and have been detected in surface water through routine monitoring. At times, levels have exceeded benchmark values. Developing effective alternative tactics and reducing use of these insecticides will directly improve the overall IPM program in lettuce. The overall goal of this project is to develop feasible, alternative management tactics to reduce and/or replace the current use pattern of pyrethroids and neonicotinoids in lettuce for aphid management, which are typically applied as foliar sprays. This study tested alternative materials and alternative application methods such as seed treatments and at-planting applications. In a replicated field study in the Salinas Valley, we compared the efficacy of a rotation of newer, more selective materials to the standard application of pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. In addition, we tested the efficacy of at-planting of imidacloprid through a seed treatment and an in-furrow application. This tactic would reduce off-target movement of insecticides. Through this study, we are developing alternative management strategies, demonstrating their efficacy relative to standard treatments, and improving IPM in the lettuce production system.